Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that typically affects one limb, often following an injury, surgery, or trauma. It is characterized by severe, burning pain, swelling, changes in skin color and temperature, and heightened sensitivity to touch or movement.

There are two primary types of CRPS. CRPS-1 is associated with injuries or illnesses that do not involve identifiable nerve damage, while CRPS-2 arises from clear damage to a specific nerve. Most cases fall under the CRPS-1 category. The condition is more prevalent in women but can occur in individuals of any gender and age, with the majority of cases diagnosed in people around their 40s. It is less commonly seen in older adults and young children. CRPS may develop after major injuries such as fractures or significant nerve trauma but can also arise from minor incidents, including strains or sprains.

Treatment for CRPS is highly individualized and typically includes a mix of pain management strategies, physical rehabilitation (including more novel approaches like mirror therapy), lifestyle modifications and interventions, and medication. Stress reduction techniques are often recommended, and in certain cases, more advanced interventions, such as targeted procedures or surgery, may be necessary. A whole-of-person approach that is individualised to the person’s unique presentation, symptoms and contributing factors are key to reducing symptom burden and promoting recovery.